Роль общественных организаций в деле сохранения культурного наследия России в конце ХІХ - начале ХХ веков (На примере Орловской губернии)

Abstract

By the end XIX – at the beginning of XX century it became obvious, that the Russian churches, palaces, „nobiliary nests” has got a collapse, unique historical documents, masterpieces of domestic culture have perished. The initiators of careful preservation, accounting, restoration of monuments of the past, development of the various legal acts, directed on settlement in the given area, are private persons, public and scientific organizations, official institutions. The intellectuals show their internal needs of creation of scientific and practical societies within the framework of which activity will be directed to solve the problems of preservation of monuments, to develop scientific approaches to an estimation of a heritage, to form, describe and study collections of cultural and historical values and archival documents. The activity of the Oryol provincial scientific archival commission, Oryol Church and archeologic society became an example of origin of public initiatives that functioning of the base of scientific organizations taken on the example of the Oryol region.